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Definition: Causal Research is in research the investigation of cause-and-effect relationships.
To determine causality, one must first observe or apply variation in the variable that is assumed to cause the change in the other variable(s). Next one measures the changes in the other variable(s).
Other disturbing influences that may confound the results need to be controlled, either by holding them constant, or by using statistical methods. Unfortunately a researcher can never be completely sure that there are no other factors influencing the causal relationship.
Methods for exploring causal relationships are:
- Experimentation
- Simulation
- Statistical research