Bradford Factor

Definition: the Bradford Factor is a number that represents the unplanned absences of an employee last year. The equation is as follows:

B = S2 * D

Here,
B = Bradford Factor
S = Instances of Absence in a set period
D = Total number of Absent Days in the set period

The measurement period is typically set to the last 52 weeks.
The Bradford factor says that employees frequent short and unplanned absences have drastically more impact on a business than longer absences.

More on the bradford factor.
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